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Search Result: 1 records
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Kotb, M. M. A. M. H. Hanafy, H. Rirache, S. Matsumura, A. Al-Sofyani, A. G.,. Ahmed, G. Bawazir and F. Horani,
2008
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Status of Coral Reefs in the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden Region
In: Wilkinson, C. (ed.). Status of Coral Reefs of the World: 2008. Global Coral Reef Monitoring Network and Reef and Rainforest Research Center, Townsville, Australia. p67-78
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Ref ID
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27170
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Author
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Kotb, M. M. A. M. H. Hanafy, H. Rirache, S. Matsumura, A. Al-Sofyani, A. G.,. Ahmed, G. Bawazir and F. Horani
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Year
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2008
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Title
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Status of Coral Reefs in the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden Region
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Source
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In: Wilkinson, C. (ed.). Status of Coral Reefs of the World: 2008. Global Coral Reef Monitoring Network and Reef and Rainforest Research Center, Townsville, Australia. p67-78
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Keywords
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GCRMN, coral status, resources, management, threats
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Caption
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Abstract
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- Coral reefs are generally healthy throughout the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden with 30% to 50% live coral cover at most locations and more than 50% total on average;
- Coral reefs have been damaged near urban and industrial centres from land-filling and dredging; port activities (damage by anchors, oil and wastewater discharges); sewage and other pollution (causing localised coral disease, poor recruitment, and excessive algae); and tourism (damage from anchors and recreational scuba divers);
- Most of the coral reefs in the region severely damaged by coral bleaching in 1998 (approximately 30%) are recovering, especially in the central to northern Red Sea of Saudi Arabia (especially near Rabigh) and in Yemen (Belhaf, Hadhramaut, Socotra Archipelago);
- Outbreaks of crown-of-thorns starfish (COTS) have been reported from the Iles des Sept Freres, Ras Siyyan Marine Protected Area (Djibouti), and on Yemeni Red Sea Reefs;
- Invertebrate populations are generally healthy except for localised declines of giant clams (Egypt) and other molluscs (Sudan), lobsters (all Red Sea and Gulf of Aden reefs) and sea cucumbers (Egypt, Yemen, Sudan);
- Target fish species, especially grouper, are relatively common compared to elsewhere, although there is heavy exploitation in Sudan and Yemen;
Fishing pressure is increasing at spawning and nursery sites, and sharks are heavily exploited; ornamental fishes are collected in Egypt (recently banned), Saudi Arabia, and Yemen but not yet assessed. The fish community structure adjacent to industry in Aqaba and Yemen has been significantly altered;
- There is some evidence of recent climate change damage on coral reefs;
- Two natural disturbance events affected reefs in 2007: extreme low tides in March caused coral bleaching and mortality on reef flats in Egypt, Sudan, and Jordan; and bleaching killed corals to 20 m depth on ‘Rocky Island’ in the southern Egyptian Red Sea;
- A volcano on 30 September 2007 damaged some reefs around Jabal Al-Tair island off Yemen;
- PERSGA has issued Regional Action Plans for conservation of coral reefs, marine turtles, mangrove, and seabirds in the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden Region; and
- - PERSGA has added climate change impacts to the regional monitoring programmes.
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