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Search Result: 1 records
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1.
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Zahir, H., W. Allison, G. Dews, J. Gunn, A. Rajasuriya, J. L. Solandt, H. Sweatman, J. Tamelander, A. Thompson and M. Wakeford,
2006
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Post-tsunami status of the coral reefs of the islands and atolls of the Maldives.
p. 111-124. in Wilkinson, C., D. Souter and J. Goldberg (eds.) Status of Coral Reefs in Tsunami Affected Countries: 2005. Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville, Queensland. 154 p.
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Ref ID
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25194
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Author
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Zahir, H., W. Allison, G. Dews, J. Gunn, A. Rajasuriya, J. L. Solandt, H. Sweatman, J. Tamelander, A. Thompson and M. Wakeford
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Year
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2006
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Title
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Post-tsunami status of the coral reefs of the islands and atolls of the Maldives.
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Source
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p. 111-124. in Wilkinson, C., D. Souter and J. Goldberg (eds.) Status of Coral Reefs in Tsunami Affected Countries: 2005. Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville, Queensland. 154 p.
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Keywords
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status coral reef Indian Ocean Tsunami
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Caption
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Abstract
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zx The tsunami caused significant damage to communities on the Maldives (which are
all coastal); 82 people died and another 26 are missing;
zx All islands are less than 3 m above sea level, thus 69 of the 199 inhabited islands were
damaged; about one-third of the 300,000 residents lost their homes, livelihoods or
other local infrastructure; flooding caused widespread electricity failures, disruptions
to water supplies, damage to several harbours and jetties, erosion of coastal zones
and seawater penetration into the atoll soils; many sewerage systems were damaged,
leading to contamination of groundwater supplies;
zx The tsunami caused severe damage to the tourism industry (the largest economic
sector); occupancy rates dropped immediately to 40%, but returned to 75% within 1
year;
zx The tsunami damaged or destroyed: 170 fishing vessels; 374 small fish processors;
jetties; wharf walls; harbour sea walls; causeways; and replaced 375,000 cubic metres
of sand in dredged basins. However, fishing has recovered, mainly due to increased
landings of tuna;
zx Economic losses are estimated at US$480 - 1,000 million and include damage to
infrastructure, fishing vessels, households and lost income from tourism, fishing,
and agriculture;
zx There was minor direct damage to coral reefs, however the 1998 coral bleaching
event caused more damage; the reefs were damaged by debris from buildings and
other sources, and sediment being washed into the ocean, smashing and smothering
new coral recruits; and
zx Coral reefs are critical to the Maldives as erosion barriers, sources of sand and rock,
and a major attraction for the tourist industry; the tsunami slowed recovery from
earlier damage caused by bleaching, coral mining and dredging and exacerbated by
inappropriate coastal development;
zx The most serious threat to reef recovery is illegal harvesting of coral sand and rock
from reef flats and lagoons to build houses and repair roads.
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