Search for coral reef related articles, reports and other publications. This library includes the publications from International Coral Reef Symposium (ICRS) Proceedings, Coral Reefs Status Report, Reef Fisheries Portal and International Tropical Marine Ecosystems Management Symposium (ITMEMS) Symposium Papers. Please specify your search criteria, and indicate how many results are to be displayed.
If you are aware of any relevant publications related to coral reefs, and would like to add these to our online library, you can use this
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* Search with keywords such as "and", "or", "not" to fine-tune your search results.
1. coral and reefs
Search for records which contain words coral and reefs
2. coral reefs
Search for records which contain words coral and reefs. Same as the "and" function.
3. coral or reefs
Search for records which contain words coral or reefs.
4. "coral reefs"
Search for records which contain exact phrase "coral reefs".
5. coral and not acropora
Search for records which contain words coral and not acropora.
Search Result: 2444 records
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2.
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Hernandez Delgado, E.A.,
2003
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Coral reef ecological change long term monitoring program for the Luis Peña Channel no-take Natural Reserve, Culebra, Puerto Rico (1997-2003): I.
Status of the coral reef epibenthic communities. Technical Report submitted to the DNER/USCRI, San Juan, Puerto Rico. 163 pp.
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Ref ID
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25491
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Author
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Hernandez Delgado, E.A.
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Year
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2003
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Title
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Coral reef ecological change long term monitoring program for the Luis Peña Channel no-take Natural Reserve, Culebra, Puerto Rico (1997-2003): I.
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Source
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Status of the coral reef epibenthic communities. Technical Report submitted to the DNER/USCRI, San Juan, Puerto Rico. 163 pp.
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Keywords
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Caption
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Abstract
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Online Documents
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No online document
- Copies of papers downloaded from ReefBase may be used and reproduced for non-commercial purpose only.
- If you encounter any problem viewing the PDF files, please use the latest version of Adobe Reader.
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3.
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Fox, H.E., R. Dahuri, A. Muljadi, P. Mous and J. Pet,
2001
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Increased coral cover in Komodo National Park, Indonesia: Monitoring for management relevance.
Indonesian Journal of Coastal and Marine Resources (Jurnal Pesisir dan Lautan) 3: 27-35
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Ref ID
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11077
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Author
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Fox, H.E., R. Dahuri, A. Muljadi, P. Mous and J. Pet
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Year
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2001
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Title
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Increased coral cover in Komodo National Park, Indonesia: Monitoring for management relevance.
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Source
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Indonesian Journal of Coastal and Marine Resources (Jurnal Pesisir dan Lautan) 3: 27-35
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Keywords
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CORAL RECOVERY; KOMODO; MONITORING STUDY
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Caption
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Abstract
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Online Documents
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- Copies of papers downloaded from ReefBase may be used and reproduced for non-commercial purpose only.
- If you encounter any problem viewing the PDF files, please use the latest version of Adobe Reader.
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4.
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Beets, J.,
1993
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Long-term monitoring of fisheries in Virgin Islands National Park: Chapter I. Baseline data, 1988-1992,
with emphasis on the impact of Hurricane Hugo.
Virgin Islands National Park, Technical Report, VINP 1/93.
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Ref ID
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25356
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Author
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Beets, J.
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Year
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1993
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Title
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Long-term monitoring of fisheries in Virgin Islands National Park: Chapter I. Baseline data, 1988-1992,
with emphasis on the impact of Hurricane Hugo.
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Source
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Virgin Islands National Park, Technical Report, VINP 1/93.
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Keywords
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Caption
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Abstract
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Online Documents
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No online document
- Copies of papers downloaded from ReefBase may be used and reproduced for non-commercial purpose only.
- If you encounter any problem viewing the PDF files, please use the latest version of Adobe Reader.
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6.
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Tun, K., L. M. Chou, A. Cabanban, T. Yeemin, PhilReefs, V. S. Tuan, K. Sour, Suharsono and D. Lane,
2004
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GCRMN Coral Reef Status Report for 2004: Southeast Asia.
Poster Presented at the 10th ICRS in Okinawa, Japan. 28 June to 2nd July 2004.
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Ref ID
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21767
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Author
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Tun, K., L. M. Chou, A. Cabanban, T. Yeemin, PhilReefs, V. S. Tuan, K. Sour, Suharsono and D. Lane
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Year
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2004
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Title
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GCRMN Coral Reef Status Report for 2004: Southeast Asia.
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Source
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Poster Presented at the 10th ICRS in Okinawa, Japan. 28 June to 2nd July 2004.
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Keywords
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2004 GCRMN Coral Reef Status Report
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Caption
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Abstract
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National reef monitoring programmes continued throughout the region and
were maintained at previous levels or expanded. Capacity transfer was
increased to countries or provinces to involve them fully in regional reef status
assessments. Various bilateral and major regional initiatives in recent years
helped to enhance monitoring and management capacity. These include the
ICRAN project, which focuses on the transfer of reef management capacity
from successful demonstration sites to target sites in need of such capacity in
the region. The region’s coral reefs continue to face widespread impacts from
human activities and are clearly in need of greater management. Monitoring
data indicate significant improvements in the condition of reefs under effective
management by government agencies or communities. Public education,
awareness raising and community involvement remain important activities that
contribute positively to reef protection.
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Online Documents
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- Copies of papers downloaded from ReefBase may be used and reproduced for non-commercial purpose only.
- If you encounter any problem viewing the PDF files, please use the latest version of Adobe Reader.
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7.
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Yeemin, T.,
2004
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Status of Coral Reefs in the Gulf of Thailandand the Andaman Sea.
Poster Presented at the 10th ICRS in Okinawa, Japan. 28 June to 2nd July 2004.
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Ref ID
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21771
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Author
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Yeemin, T.
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Year
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2004
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Title
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Status of Coral Reefs in the Gulf of Thailandand the Andaman Sea.
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Source
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Poster Presented at the 10th ICRS in Okinawa, Japan. 28 June to 2nd July 2004.
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Keywords
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2004 GCRMN Coral Reef Status Report
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Caption
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Abstract
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There are an estimated 153 km2 of coral reefs along the total coastline of 2,614
km and around 300 islands in Thai waters. These are classified in 4 distinct
areas with different oceanographic conditions: the inner part of the Gulf of
Thailand; the east coast of the Gulf of Thailand; the west coast of the Gulf of
Thailand; and along the coastline of the Andaman Sea. Three reef types can be
recognized: coral communities with no true reef structure; developing fringing
reefs; and early formation of fringing reefs. Several comprehensive reef survey
programs covering over 400 sites in the Gulf of Thailand and the Andaman Sea
were carried out by governmental institutions and private agencies. In general,
most reefs were rated good, fair or poor. Relatively small areas were classified
as excellent or very poor. Monitoring of reef fish was less extensive and
needed more effort in order to provide clear patterns and trends. The first
extensive coral bleaching phenomenon in the Gulf of Thailand occurred in
April-June 1998 and was the major cause of coral reef degradation. The mild
coral bleaching in 2003 was also clearly observed in the Gulf of Thailand and
the Andaman Sea. Adaptation to bleaching of several coral species was evident.
Continued studies on coral recruitment are required to predict recovery
potential. The reefs support a variety of human activities, especially tourism
and fisheries-relates uses. Tourism activities, sedimentation and wastewater
pollution associated with rapid coastal development are recent and increasing
severe problems for the next decade. Marine National Parks will play a major
role for coral reef management and conservation.
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Online Documents
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- Copies of papers downloaded from ReefBase may be used and reproduced for non-commercial purpose only.
- If you encounter any problem viewing the PDF files, please use the latest version of Adobe Reader.
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8.
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Ang, Jr, P.O., L. S. Choi, M. M. Choi, A. Cornish, M. W. Lee, D. McCorry, K. Y. So, M. C. Tam and S. Y. Wong,
2004
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Status of Research on Coral Communities in Hong Kong SAR, China.
Poster Presented at the 10th ICRS in Okinawa, Japan. 28 June to 2nd July 2004.
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Ref ID
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21761
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Author
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Ang, Jr, P.O., L. S. Choi, M. M. Choi, A. Cornish, M. W. Lee, D. McCorry, K. Y. So, M. C. Tam and S. Y. Wong
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Year
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2004
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Title
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Status of Research on Coral Communities in Hong Kong SAR, China.
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Source
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Poster Presented at the 10th ICRS in Okinawa, Japan. 28 June to 2nd July 2004.
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Keywords
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2004 GCRMN Coral Reef Status Report
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Caption
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Abstract
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Hong Kong is located in subtropical region near the mouth of the Pearl River in
South China. No major reefs are formed but coral communities are found
mainly in the eastern and northeastern coastal areas. Eighty four species of
Scleractinian corals have recently been identified from Hong Kong waters and a
reference collection has now been set up. Various tertiary institutions have
research topics involving corals or coral communities. Recent on-going
researches include studies on coral predation by corallivorous gastropods,
bleaching, photosynthetic performance of corals as a response to coral algal
interactions, dynamic changes in coral community structures, coral
reproduction and recruitment, and changes in reef fish assemblages after
designation of Tung Ping Chau as a marine park and Cape D’Aguilar as a
marine reserve. Several monitoring programmes are in place. These include
monitoring on corals, fish, and marine flora in Tung Ping Chau and Hoi Ha
Wan Marine Parks and corals in Yan Chau Tung Marine Park. Reefcheck is
also an annual event sponsored by the Agriculture, Fisheries and Conservation
Department of the Hong Kong SAR Government and participated by more than
20 groups of volunteers. In 2003, Reefcheck covered 30 sites around Hong
Kong. It is providing very useful information on the general health conditions
of coral communities in Hong Kong waters.
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Online Documents
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- Copies of papers downloaded from ReefBase may be used and reproduced for non-commercial purpose only.
- If you encounter any problem viewing the PDF files, please use the latest version of Adobe Reader.
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9.
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Chien-Hsun, C., D. Chang-Feng, K. Soong, C. A. Chen, F. Tung-Yung and H. Hsieh,
2004
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The Status of Coral Reefs in Taiwan from 1997 to 2003, Taiwan, ROC.
Poster Presented at the 10th ICRS in Okinawa, Japan. 28 June to 2nd July 2004.
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Ref ID
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21769
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Author
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Chien-Hsun, C., D. Chang-Feng, K. Soong, C. A. Chen, F. Tung-Yung and H. Hsieh
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Year
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2004
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Title
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The Status of Coral Reefs in Taiwan from 1997 to 2003, Taiwan, ROC.
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Source
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Poster Presented at the 10th ICRS in Okinawa, Japan. 28 June to 2nd July 2004.
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Keywords
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2004 GCRMN Coral Reef Status Report
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Caption
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Abstract
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Taiwan is near the northern boundary where coral reefs can no longer form. The
southern tip of the island and many offshore islands have well-developed
fringing reefs. However, corals form patchy communities rather than reefs
along northern and northeastern coasts. Coral reefs in Taiwan are threatened by
typhoons, sedimentation, wastewater pollution, and destructive fishing. To
monitor the changes of coral reefs, we applied the ReefCheck protocol to
survey the reefs at 8 localities from 1997 to 2003. The percentage of hard coral
cover (HCC) among sites showed a wide range of variation and the average
ranged from 22.9 to 36.3% and 25.9 to 32.1% for reef flat and reef slope
respectively. There was no significant difference in HCC among years because
both increasing and decreasing trends were observed. However, more sites at
reef slope showed a trend of HCC increasing and more sites at reef flat showed
the trends of decreasing. This suggests that the reef flat habitat is possibly
suffering more frequent or stronger disturbances. Moreover, 71% of the cases
showing the trend of HCC decreasing were coupled with increasing of other
substrates such as bare rock, dead coral, or algae. The abundances of fish and
invertebrate indicators were at low levels suggesting that most reefs were under
the stress of overfishing. The results of trend analysis indicate that seven-years’
survey is not sufficient to reveal the trend of coral reef change and a long-term
monitoring program of more than 10 years is required. A combination of coral
cover data and growth forms may also provide better resolutions to reveal the
status of coral reefs.
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Online Documents
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- Copies of papers downloaded from ReefBase may be used and reproduced for non-commercial purpose only.
- If you encounter any problem viewing the PDF files, please use the latest version of Adobe Reader.
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10.
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Tawake, A., P. S. Fong, R. Vave, S. Meo and S. Sauni.,
2002
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"Bai Kei Votua Project" 2002 Votua Community Biological Training Workshop: summary report
Institute of Applied Science,. Suva, Fiji. 39pp.
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Ref ID
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A0000003593
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Author
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Tawake, A., P. S. Fong, R. Vave, S. Meo and S. Sauni.
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Year
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2002
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Title
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"Bai Kei Votua Project" 2002 Votua Community Biological Training Workshop: summary report
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Source
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Institute of Applied Science,. Suva, Fiji. 39pp.
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Keywords
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capacity building, marine reserve, no-take, management effectiveness, fisheries management, community-based management, biological monitoring, survey techniques,Natural System,People & Livelihoods,Institutions & Governance,External Threats & Opportunities,Institute of Applied Science
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Caption
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Abstract
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Online Documents
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- Copies of papers downloaded from ReefBase may be used and reproduced for non-commercial purpose only.
- If you encounter any problem viewing the PDF files, please use the latest version of Adobe Reader.
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11.
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Mundy, C.N. and R.C. Babcock,
1993
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"How's your methodology" and other embarassing questions: lessons for preparing large scale monitoring programs,
p. 166. In: R.H. Richmond (ed.) Proceedings of the 7th International Coral Reef Symposium Vol. 1. University of Guam Press, UOG Station, Guam. (abstract)
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Ref ID
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10167
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Author
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Mundy, C.N. and R.C. Babcock
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Year
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1993
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Title
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"How's your methodology" and other embarassing questions: lessons for preparing large scale monitoring programs,
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Source
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p. 166. In: R.H. Richmond (ed.) Proceedings of the 7th International Coral Reef Symposium Vol. 1. University of Guam Press, UOG Station, Guam. (abstract)
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Keywords
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ICRS7, Method, Transect, LIT, Monitoring
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Caption
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Abstract
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Online Documents
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No online document
- Copies of papers downloaded from ReefBase may be used and reproduced for non-commercial purpose only.
- If you encounter any problem viewing the PDF files, please use the latest version of Adobe Reader.
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12.
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Stepath, C.M.,
1997
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"Ocean Pulse" Coral Reef Awareness and Meaningful Science Education.
SaveOurSeas.org
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Ref ID
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26362
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Author
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Stepath, C.M.
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Year
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1997
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Title
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"Ocean Pulse" Coral Reef Awareness and Meaningful Science Education.
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Source
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SaveOurSeas.org
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Keywords
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learning at the reef, reef monitoring, awareness
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Caption
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This work discuss how students learn with reef monitoring and how it promotes different types of awareness with different types of learning groups
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Abstract
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The "Ocean Pulse" project involved students studying and gathering data at a coral
reef site over a ten-week period. At the conclusion of the coral reef monitoring
project, the class was surveyed to establish whether their attitude and knowledge
about coral reefs had changed. The results of the evaluation of the project by the
students and their teachers are explained in this paper.
Specifically, the paper will outline the content of the coral reef monitoring project and
will detail the response of teachers and students to the project. In the course of this
program the students learned about the ecosystems surrounding their island, the
relevance of science to their studies, while they discovered what marine biologists do
for a job. The students learned to monitor the reef using quadrats and transect lines.
By the end of the project, they were able to identify many local reef organisms. The
Polynesian Ahupua'a concept was introduced through local Hawaiian lecturers, while
the students also learned from other reef specialists who spoke to them about
environmental ecosystems and scientific relationships. There is little marine related
resource material available on the Island of Kaua’i. These students became very
informed about the condition and make up of a coral reef, even more so than many
adults living on the island.
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Online Documents
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- Copies of papers downloaded from ReefBase may be used and reproduced for non-commercial purpose only.
- If you encounter any problem viewing the PDF files, please use the latest version of Adobe Reader.
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14.
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Uwate, K.R., J. Almeshkhas, A. Albaggal, B. Al-Alawi and H. Almahgani,
1998
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1997 International year of the coral reef, reef check surveys in Bahrain.
Directorate of Fisheries, Ministry of Works and Agricalture, State of Bahrain.
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Ref ID
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20138
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Author
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Uwate, K.R., J. Almeshkhas, A. Albaggal, B. Al-Alawi and H. Almahgani
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Year
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1998
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Title
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1997 International year of the coral reef, reef check surveys in Bahrain.
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Source
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Directorate of Fisheries, Ministry of Works and Agricalture, State of Bahrain.
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Keywords
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coral reef monitoring, valunteer diver, Fasht Al Adhom, Abul Thama
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Caption
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Abstract
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Online Documents
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No online document
- Copies of papers downloaded from ReefBase may be used and reproduced for non-commercial purpose only.
- If you encounter any problem viewing the PDF files, please use the latest version of Adobe Reader.
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15.
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Turquet, J., L. Bigot, H. Cambert, C. Conand, R. Garnier, E. Mirault and J. P. Quod,
2002
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2001 Bleaching on Acropora Dominated Reefs
in Réunion.
in Linden, O., D. Souter, D. Wilhelmsson, and D. Obura (eds.). Coral degradation in the Indian Ocean: Status Report 2002. CORDIO, Department of Biology and Environmental Science, University of Kalmar, Kalmar, Sweden.pp 179-184
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Ref ID
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19983
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Author
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Turquet, J., L. Bigot, H. Cambert, C. Conand, R. Garnier, E. Mirault and J. P. Quod
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Year
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2002
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Title
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2001 Bleaching on Acropora Dominated Reefs
in Réunion.
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Source
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in Linden, O., D. Souter, D. Wilhelmsson, and D. Obura (eds.). Coral degradation in the Indian Ocean: Status Report 2002. CORDIO, Department of Biology and Environmental Science, University of Kalmar, Kalmar, Sweden.pp 179-184
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Keywords
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Acropora muricata, bleaching, coral reef, LIT, Réunion
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Caption
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Abstract
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As coral cover and diversity are affected on many reefs of the Western Indian Ocean by natural and human threats, especially coral bleaching, a clearer understanding of reef dynamics after bleaching is necessary. This paper presents a study designed quantify the impact of a localized bleaching event which occurred in the lagoon of La Saline in February–March 2001. Phase 1 focused on assessing the spread of the phenomenon all coral reefs of Réunion. Phase 2 was a rapid response to provide the initial temporal baseline for long term monitoring. Data were collected along 20-m transects located in the reef back boat channel, where A. muricata was the dominant coral and was suffering from bleaching. From March to July, LIT were used to estimate the percentage cover of bleached coral and algae, according to five previously-defined scales. Algal turfs covering dead corals and associated microalgae were collected at different steps of the process in order to estimate the colonisation patterns of dead corals. The results described this paper confirm that A. muricata may remain white for more than one month, that 5 stages can be identified for algae cover and that assemblages of potentially toxic dinoflagellates were immediately present. Recovery processes will be studied during
phase 2 to assess the topographic and community structures, including recruitment and growth from remaining live tips of A. muricata.
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Online Documents
|
- Copies of papers downloaded from ReefBase may be used and reproduced for non-commercial purpose only.
- If you encounter any problem viewing the PDF files, please use the latest version of Adobe Reader.
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16.
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Lionel, B., J. Maharavo, J. Bijoux, S. Ahamada, S. Meunier, N. Paupiah and M. Moyne-Picard,
2002
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2002 Coral Reef Monitoring Regional Report: South West Indian Ocean Region (Wio) Present Situation And 2000 / 2002 Evolution.
Indian Ocean Commission on line document
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Ref ID
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20009
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Author
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Lionel, B., J. Maharavo, J. Bijoux, S. Ahamada, S. Meunier, N. Paupiah and M. Moyne-Picard
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Year
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2002
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Title
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2002 Coral Reef Monitoring Regional Report: South West Indian Ocean Region (Wio) Present Situation And 2000 / 2002 Evolution.
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Source
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Indian Ocean Commission on line document
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Keywords
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monitoring, bleaching
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Caption
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Abstract
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There were few baseline data on coral reef status across
the 5 Indian Island nations of Comoros, Madagascar,
Mauritius, Seychelles and France/La Reunion when the
catastrophic 1998 El Niño associated coral bleaching and
mortality hit. Just as the bleaching impacts were varied
across this region, so are the condition of the reefs and
how they are impacted by human activities. Reefs off the
large island of Madagascar show distinct signs of human
damage, with few reefs in good condition and fewer
protected. Likewise there is evidence of damage from the
land to reefs on Mauritius and Reunion, but there are more
efforts to conserve the reefs in protected areas; bleaching
on these three countries was relatively minor.
Prior to the 1998 bleaching, the reefs of Comoros and the Seychelles were in good to excellent
condition except for some damage near centres of population and some over-fishing.
But bleaching devastated these reefs with large-scale mortalities leaving many reefs with less
than 5% coral cover (down from levels over 50%). The 1998 bleaching event occurred just
when the Regional Environmental Programme of the Indian Ocean Commission (REP-IOC) was
establishing a coral reef monitoring programme in the Comoros, Madagascar, Mauritius, La
Reunion and Seychelles, building on mandates already established by the IOC since its inception
in 1982 for regional cooperation in economic, social and cultural fields. The REP-IOC
programme aims to support national policies on Integrated Coastal Management (ICM) for longterm
sustainable development of the regions coral reefs for future generations, including the
establishment of permanent monitoring stations (of which there are now 44) in the 5 countries.
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Online Documents
|
- Copies of papers downloaded from ReefBase may be used and reproduced for non-commercial purpose only.
- If you encounter any problem viewing the PDF files, please use the latest version of Adobe Reader.
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18.
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Keller, B.D. and S. Donahue (eds.).,
2006
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2002-03 Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary science report: an ecosystem report card after five years of marine zoning
Marine Sanctuaries Conservation Series NMSP 06-12. NOAA National Marine Sanctuary Program.Silver Spring, MD. 358 pp
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Ref ID
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27528
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Author
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Keller, B.D. and S. Donahue (eds.).
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Year
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2006
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Title
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2002-03 Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary science report: an ecosystem report card after five years of marine zoning
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Source
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Marine Sanctuaries Conservation Series NMSP 06-12. NOAA National Marine Sanctuary Program.Silver Spring, MD. 358 pp
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Keywords
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coral reef status, trends, status report, monitoring, evaluation
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Caption
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In this 2002-03 Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary Science Report we include updates on the three long-term, status-and-trends monitoring projects of the Water Quality Protection Program (WQPP) and on the projects that comprise the Marine Zone Monitoring Program. These two monitoring programs are inextricably related; population and community changes that result from the Sanctuary’s network of fully protected marine zones occur in the context of large-scale environmental characteristics measured by the water quality, seagrass, and coral reef evaluation and monitoring projects of the WQPP.
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Abstract
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Online Documents
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- Copies of papers downloaded from ReefBase may be used and reproduced for non-commercial purpose only.
- If you encounter any problem viewing the PDF files, please use the latest version of Adobe Reader.
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19.
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Hawaii State Department of Health (HIDOH),
2008
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2006 State of Hawaii water quality monitoring and assessment report: Integrated report to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and the U.S. Congress Pursuant to Sections 303(D) and 305(B), Clean Water Act (P.L. 97-117)
Water Quality Management Program, Hawaii State Department of Health. Honolulu, HI. 279 pp.
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Ref ID
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27795
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Author
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Hawaii State Department of Health (HIDOH)
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Year
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2008
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Title
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2006 State of Hawaii water quality monitoring and assessment report: Integrated report to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and the U.S. Congress Pursuant to Sections 303(D) and 305(B), Clean Water Act (P.L. 97-117)
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Source
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Water Quality Management Program, Hawaii State Department of Health. Honolulu, HI. 279 pp.
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Keywords
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Caption
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The Water Quality Management Program is responsible for setting the State's water quality goals (Water Quality Standards), monitoring and assessing our achievement of these goals (Assessment and Listing of Impaired Water Bodies), and long-range planning for surface water quality improvement and protection (TMDL Process and Continuing Planning Process). Most of this work is federally-funded, must meet federal Clean Water Act requirements and obtain U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) approval, and employs a watershed-based approach to water quality management. Our challenges include strengthening the connection between these efforts and linking them with other government functions and private actions.
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Abstract
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Online Documents
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- Copies of papers downloaded from ReefBase may be used and reproduced for non-commercial purpose only.
- If you encounter any problem viewing the PDF files, please use the latest version of Adobe Reader.
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20.
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Raumea K., T. Turua, N. Makikiriti, T. Rongo, N. Roi and B. Ponia ,
2000
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2nd monitoring survey of Rarotonga Raui
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Ref ID
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D0000000090
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Author
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Raumea K., T. Turua, N. Makikiriti, T. Rongo, N. Roi and B. Ponia
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Year
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2000
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Title
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2nd monitoring survey of Rarotonga Raui
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Source
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Keywords
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Monitoring Survey, Raui, Rarotonga, Cook Ilands,Natural System
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Caption
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Abstract
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This is second annual monitoring survey since the implementation of the Raui on Rarotonga Island. It also incorporates the baseline information collected prior to the implementation of the Raui. The invertebrate resource at the Raui reef sites was identified as a key indicator species for monitoring. Utilising belt transects, information of abundance and diversity was collected. At Tikioki Raui a survey of fish abundance and diversity was also carried out. The results suggest that the diversity of the invertebrate species at the reef has increased at all of the Raui sites monitored. This reflects more number of species being reported and more evenness in distribution among populations. This suggests that perhaps as a result of the Raui some species previously being over harvested and uncommon to the area are now starting to become re-established. There were variable changes in invertebrate population abundance. This would partially reflect the natural attraction of the different Raui areas as a reserve for invertebrate types. The result indicates that Nikao Raui to be an ideal site for the reef invertebrates. Eighteen species were recorded in the area compared to 14 species during the baseline surveys. Almost half of the species reported had the greatest density compared to the other Raui areas. Notable densities include the Kina (4.5 ind.m-2) and the Trochus (0.83 ind.m-2) These two invertebrates dominated the Nikao reef and account for 70% and 13% of the total population of invertebrates, or a population size of 200 thousand and 38 thousand respectively. The Kina, Trochus, Matu Rori, Avake and Paua all show dramatic increases in population size. Whereas initially the Avake and the Ungakoa only numbered several hundreds, the present population is four thousand and eight thousand respectively. And in the case of Trochus and Vana, the population may now be approaching its upper limits. A sustainable quota of 2 tons harvest of the Trochus resources was estimated. These resources, the Kina and Trochus account for 70% and 13% of the total population of invertebrates, or a population size of 200 thousand and 38 thousand respectively. The area of Matavera Raui is mostly reef flat and relatively small compared to other Raui areas. There were 15 species reported compared to 11 initially. Large increases in the Kina, Trochus, Matu Rori, Rori Matie, Paua and Rori Puakatoro have occurred. The Kina make up for half of the total invertebrates with a population of 66 thousand. The Rori Pua, Rori Toto and Trochus cumulatively account for one quarter. Aroko Raui is sited adjacent to a major river outlet and reef passage and is located in the vicinity of small islets. Probably as a result of these features the benthic reef habitat is more heterogeneous compared to other Raui areas. This is reflected in the composition of the total invertebrate population. Whereas other areas are dominated by the Kina, it differs at Aroko. The largest proportion is accounted by the Rori Pua (21%) or 23 thousand. The Kina is responsible for 19% of the proportion and the Trochus is 15% and Rori Toto is 14%. Five of the invertebrate species at Aroko had the highest densities recorded at the Raui sites. Over the duration of the Raui large increases of the Kina, Rori Matie, Rori Toto, Trochus, Avake, Etu, Ungakoa and Vana occurred. Rori Pua has significantly declined but this may be attributed to a sampling inaccuracy. Tikioki Raui is located at a relatively large and deep lagoon area. The reef area does appear to support the same abundance of invertebrate species as Nikao area. This may reflect its windward location and therefore the reef is affected by high wave energy. Also the reef flat is not as prominent as other Raui such as Nikao. The Matu Rori and Ungakoa have the most evident increase in population size, whereas Vana and Rori Puakatoro declined. The major components of the invertebrate population comprised of Kina (36%), Matu Rori (15%), Rori Toto (17%) and Rori Puakatoro (14%). Tikioki Raui is one of the best lagoon type ecosystems of the Rarotonga Raui, it possess a large, deep lagoon and encompasses a large stretch of patch reef. The fish survey results at Tikioki found that there are more fish inside the Raui area compared to outside. More specifically these fish are aggregated around a large coral patch-reef found within the area. The species used to distinguish this distribution pattern was the Pipi (Kyphosus cinerascens), a common target species. Aggregations of this fish reached up to an average of 60 fish within a 10 meter radius compared to 0.25 fish at sites outside the Raui area. In addition, more fish species were observed at Raui sites compared to outside. Between 27 to 31 species were seen within the radius inside the Raui compared to 14 to 21 species outside.
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Online Documents
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- Copies of papers downloaded from ReefBase may be used and reproduced for non-commercial purpose only.
- If you encounter any problem viewing the PDF files, please use the latest version of Adobe Reader.
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21.
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Raumea, K., Turua, T., Makikiriti, N., Rongo, T., Roi, N., Ponia, Ben,
2000
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2nd Monitoring survey of the Rarotonga Ra'ui
Ministry Of Marine Resources,. 1-33pp.
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Ref ID
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A0000004539
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Author
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Raumea, K., Turua, T., Makikiriti, N., Rongo, T., Roi, N., Ponia, Ben
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Year
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2000
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Title
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2nd Monitoring survey of the Rarotonga Ra'ui
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Source
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Ministry Of Marine Resources,. 1-33pp.
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Keywords
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raui, Rarotonga, MPA, marine reserve,Natural System,People & Livelihoods,Institutions & Governance,Cook Islands: Ministry of Mari
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Caption
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Abstract
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This is second annual monitoring survey since the implementation of the Raui on Rarotonga Island. It also incorporates the baseline information collected prior to the implementation of the Raui.
The invertebrate resource at the Raui reef sites was identified as a key indicator species for monitoring.
Utilising belt transects, information of abundance and diversity was
collected. At Tikioki Raui a survey of fish abundance and diversity was also carried out.
The results suggest that the diversity of the invertebrate species at the reef has increased at all of the Raui sites monitored. This reflects more number of species being reported and more evenness in distribution among populations. This suggests that perhaps as a
result of the Raui some species previously being over harvested and uncommon to the area are now starting to become re-established.
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Online Documents
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- Copies of papers downloaded from ReefBase may be used and reproduced for non-commercial purpose only.
- If you encounter any problem viewing the PDF files, please use the latest version of Adobe Reader.
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22.
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FSM Economic Summit,
2003
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3rd FSM Economic Summit
Draft Section Paper, Environment. College of Micronesia, FSM. Palikir, Pohnpei, Federated States of Micronesia.
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Ref ID
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28056
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Author
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FSM Economic Summit
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Year
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2003
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Title
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3rd FSM Economic Summit
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Source
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Draft Section Paper, Environment. College of Micronesia, FSM. Palikir, Pohnpei, Federated States of Micronesia.
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Keywords
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Caption
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The Federated States of Micronesia is primed for its Third Economic Summit set for March 29th through April 2nd 2004, at the College of Micronesia, FSM campus.
The resolve of the Summit, as with its predecessors, is to provide directions within the FSM to face rapidly changing fiscal and economic realities. But the distinguishing feature of the 3rd Economic Summit is the onset of the implementation of the amended Compact and the transitional adjustments required of the FSM governments.
The new realities under the amended Compact arrangements call for an update of the nation's economic strategy. The policy framework to be adopted must address the fiscal accountability procedures required for effective implementation of the amended Compact.
Two key components of the Summit are: first, to enhance the awareness of new provisions within the economic package and the fiscal accountability procedures required for effective implementation.
The second, to endorse the key requirements for FSM under the amended Compact:
1. an FSM-wide Strategic Development Plan (SDP) - to guide the use of resources including annual sectoral grants; and
2. an FSM-wide Infrastructure Development Plan (IDP) - to stress the linkages across the sectors.
The SDP and the IDP will provide a comprehensive economic strategy for the FSM at a critical time in its development. They will be important outcomes of the Summit which has the theme, "The Next 20 Years: Achieving Economic Growth and Self-Reliance."
The established objectives of the Summit are: to build awareness of the structure and projected impact of the amended Compact economic package; to achieve consensus on an overall strategy to support sustained economic growth; and to improve monitoring mechanisms to enhance implementation of policies and programs to support economic growth.
The expected sectors of discussion during the Summit include: Agriculture; Education; Environment; Fisheries; Gender; Health; Private Sector; Public Sector, and Tourism.
Of significance to the 3rd Economic Summit would be the updated report on actions taken pursuant to the 1st and 2nd Summits, together with documents reflecting the extensive policy development undertaken in key sectors since then.
The Economic Summit process has contributed significantly to the development of a coherent economic strategy for the entire nation. The Summits are highly participatory, involving months of technical preparations in each state and with inputs from government, the private sector, non-governmental organizations, and the community at-large.
The 1st FSM Economic Summit was held in November 1995 with ensuing Economic Summits in the four states. These resulted in significant improvements in economic management and adoption of an impressive policy reform agenda for the national and state governments. Partly as a result of that event, the difficult fiscal and economic reforms to adjust to the second Compact step down were implemented.
The 2nd FSM Economic Summit in September 1999, was held at the tail-end of a significant and painful reform period for the FSM. Although it also advanced the economic strategy of the nation, the timing of the Summit produced positive, but less than substantial outcomes.
Next week's Summit is expected to draw over 200 participants from throughout the FSM, this will include members of the legislatures, national, state and municipal governments, traditional leadership, the private sector, non-government organizations, women and youth.
The 3rd Economic Summit is being organized by a Summit Coordinating Committee, co-chaired by FSM Vice President Redley Killion and Senator Alik Alik, Chairman of the Resources and Development Committee of the Congress of the FSM. The FSM Department of Economic Affairs will be the facilitating agency for the Summit.
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Abstract
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Online Documents
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- Copies of papers downloaded from ReefBase may be used and reproduced for non-commercial purpose only.
- If you encounter any problem viewing the PDF files, please use the latest version of Adobe Reader.
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23.
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Saywood, A, Turua, T, Makikiriti, N,
2002
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3rd Monitoring Survey of the Rarotongan Ra'ui.
National Environment Services,. 1-43pp.
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Ref ID
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A0000004506
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Author
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Saywood, A, Turua, T, Makikiriti, N
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Year
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2002
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Title
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3rd Monitoring Survey of the Rarotongan Ra'ui.
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Source
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National Environment Services,. 1-43pp.
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Keywords
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Monitoring Survey, Rarotonga, MPA, Ra'ui, Raui, invertebrate,Natural System,People & Livelihoods,Cook Islands: National Environ
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Caption
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Abstract
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It is the third annual monitoring survey since the re-introduction of the Ra'ui (MPA)on Rarotonga. The invertebrate resource at the Ra'ui sites were identified as a key indicator species for monitoring. Belt transects were utilised & information of density & diversity of species were collected.
At the time of the surveying all Ra'ui areas were closed for harvesting of resources, although the Nikao Ra'ui had been lifted for 1 day on the 1st of April 02, three weeks prior to the surveying.
The results indicate that at all Ra'ui sites higher densities of resources are present than at the 'control sites' surveyed & that, with the exception of the results obtained for Matavera/Pouara, Ra'ui species diversity was either the same within the Ra'ui & at the control sites or the Ra'ui yielded a higher species dversity.
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Online Documents
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- Copies of papers downloaded from ReefBase may be used and reproduced for non-commercial purpose only.
- If you encounter any problem viewing the PDF files, please use the latest version of Adobe Reader.
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24.
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Green, A.L., C.E. Birkeland, R.H. Randall, B.D. Smith and S. Wilkins,
1997
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78 years of coral reef degradation in Pago Pago Harbor: A quantitative record
8th International Coral Reef S. Panama. Smithsonian Tropical Research. H.A. Lessios and I.G. Macintyr. 2. 1883-1888.
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Ref ID
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A0000001568
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Author
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Green, A.L., C.E. Birkeland, R.H. Randall, B.D. Smith and S. Wilkins
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Year
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1997
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Title
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78 years of coral reef degradation in Pago Pago Harbor: A quantitative record
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Source
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8th International Coral Reef S. Panama. Smithsonian Tropical Research. H.A. Lessios and I.G. Macintyr. 2. 1883-1888.
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Keywords
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Reef health, Stress, Monitoring, Diversity, ICRS8,Natural System
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Caption
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Abstract
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Early this century, lush coral reefs lined the shore of pago Pago Harbor, American Samoa. Since then. the harbor has undergone urbanization and become a busy port, as well as the site of two tuna canneries. As a result, the reefs have experienced major dredging and filling operations as well as chronic pollution over many decades. In recent years the reefs have also endured two severe hurricanes and a mass coral bleaching event. This study focuses on the changes that have occurred on the .Aua Transect. in the harbor, based on three quantitative surveys over the last 78 years: 1917 (Mayor 1924a) , 1973 (Dahl and Lamberts 1977) and 1995 (this study). There have been dramatic changes in the coral reef community at Aua this century. Coral species richness. abundance, cover and colony size have decreased. and the relative abundance of coral genera has changed. Coral zonation patterns have also changed and some .zones. have completely disappeared. Diversity of Acropora species and the density of some other macroinvertebrates (holothurians and soft corals) are also much lower now.
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Online Documents
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- Copies of papers downloaded from ReefBase may be used and reproduced for non-commercial purpose only.
- If you encounter any problem viewing the PDF files, please use the latest version of Adobe Reader.
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25.
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Schleyer, M.H., J. M. Heikoop and M. J. Risk,
2006
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A benthic survey of Aliwal Shoal and assessment of the effects of a wood pulp effluent on the reef.
Marine Pollution Bulletin Volume 52, Issue 5: 503-514
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Ref ID
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25528
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Author
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Schleyer, M.H., J. M. Heikoop and M. J. Risk
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Year
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2006
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Title
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A benthic survey of Aliwal Shoal and assessment of the effects of a wood pulp effluent on the reef.
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Source
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Marine Pollution Bulletin Volume 52, Issue 5: 503-514
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Keywords
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Aliwal Shoal; South Africa; Stylophora pistillata; Suberites kelleri; Wood pulp effluent; Stable isotopes
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Caption
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Abstract
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Aliwal Shoal lies south of Durban in South Africa and has been the subject of recent bathymetric, seafloor and benthic surveys. ANOVA of the biological data revealed that the biota were uniformly distributed on the reef with the exception of encrusting sponges and algae on rock. The variations in distribution of these biota were significant and, in the case of the encrusting sponges, appeared to be related to the discharge of a wood pulp effluent. Further evidence of this was suggested by stable isotope analyses of representative organisms. The encrusting sponges were recommended as good candidates for further monitoring of the effects of the wood pulp effluent on Aliwal Shoal as the effluent pipeline has been extended.
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Online Documents
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No online document
- Copies of papers downloaded from ReefBase may be used and reproduced for non-commercial purpose only.
- If you encounter any problem viewing the PDF files, please use the latest version of Adobe Reader.
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