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Proceedings of the Ninth International Coral Reef Symposium, 2000
The Ninth International Coral Reef Symposium had been successfully held in the Bali Convention Center, Bali, Indonesia, during 23-27 October 2000. It was organized by the International Society for Reef Studies in collaboration with the Indonesian Government, which was represented jointly by the Ministry of Environment and the Indonesian Institute of Sciences.
Notwithstanding the political instability and internal conflict that had been plaguing Indonesia since the past several years, the symposium seemed not to lose its charm. This was apparent from the markedly high number of registrants, which was noted to reach 1500 persons and coming from 74 countries in the world. Some 1048 scientific papers were presented in groups of 58 mini-symposia, while around 353 posters were displayed.
Search Result: 107 records
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1.
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ICRS9
Wells, F.E.,
2000
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Centres of species richness and endemism of shallow marine mollusks in the tropical Indo-West Pacific.
In Moosa, M.K., S. Soemodihardjo, A. Soegiarto, K. Romimohtarto, A. Nontji, Soekarno and Suharsono (ed.). Proceedings of the Ninth International Coral Reef Symposium, Bali. 23-27 Oct. 2000. Vol. 2: 941-946
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Author
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Wells, F.E.
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Year
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2000
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Title
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Centres of species richness and endemism of shallow marine mollusks in the tropical Indo-West Pacific.
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Source
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In Moosa, M.K., S. Soemodihardjo, A. Soegiarto, K. Romimohtarto, A. Nontji, Soekarno and Suharsono (ed.). Proceedings of the Ninth International Coral Reef Symposium, Bali. 23-27 Oct. 2000. Vol. 2: 941-946
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Keywords
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coral triangle, distribution pattern, molluscs, endemism, ICRS9
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Caption
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Please note that the document may contain typo errors due to the inability of the OCR (Optical Character Recognition) software to recognize and translate scientific terms found in the proceedings.
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Abstract
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The distribution of 1268 species of shallow water marine molluscs in the tropical Indo-West Pacific is examined using published data. The greatest species richness (745 species) occurs in the "coral triangle"; species richness decreases in all directions from the triangle. Three hundred twenty-one species are endemic to one of l0 regions in the Indo-West Pacific. Similar numbers of endemic species occur in the Red Sea-Persian Gulf (51 species), "coral triangle" (49 species), and western Indian Ocean (44 species). One hundred thirty two, or just over l0%, of the species examined here are known to have widespread distributions from the Red Sea to the central Pacific. The combination of species richness and degrees of endemism provides a powerful tool in determining where to direct survey efforts for studies aimed at conserving coral reefs in the Indo-West Pacific. More detailed studies of distribution attempts of species richness and endemism of molluscs, fish and corals within the l0 broad regions, in conjunction with an examination of whether the species evolved in the area, or whether the endemism results from
contraction of formerly wider distributions will refine the list of areas for consideration.
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2.
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ICRS9,
Elfwing, T.and M. Tendengren,
2000
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A comparison of production effects between corals and macroalgae at increased sea water temperature.
In Moosa, M.K., S. Soemodihardjo, A. Soegiarto, K. Romimohtarto, A. Nontji, Soekarno and Suharsono (ed.). Proceedings of the Ninth International Coral Reef Symposium, Bali. 23-27 Oct. 2000. Vol. 2:1139-1142
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Author
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Elfwing, T.and M. Tendengren
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Year
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2000
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Title
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A comparison of production effects between corals and macroalgae at increased sea water temperature.
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Source
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In Moosa, M.K., S. Soemodihardjo, A. Soegiarto, K. Romimohtarto, A. Nontji, Soekarno and Suharsono (ed.). Proceedings of the Ninth International Coral Reef Symposium, Bali. 23-27 Oct. 2000. Vol. 2:1139-1142
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Keywords
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bleaching, ICRS9, production effects, corals, macroalgae, sea water temperature, physiological
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Caption
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Please note that the document may contain typo errors due to the inability of the OCR (Optical Character Recognition) software to recognize and translate scientific terms found in the proceedings.
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Abstract
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In this study we investigate whether a sublethal, sub-bleaching temperature increase (ambient +3oC) may have different effects on the physiological performance (net- production, respiration and GP/R ratios) of coral and macroalga. Four species of macroalgae (two brown algae Turbinaria sp. and Sargassum sp., one red algae Laurencia sp. and one green algae Dichtyosphaeria sp.) and one of the most abundant coral species, Porites porites, and decreased for the coral, although the coral maintains a net production state. It can be hypothesized that the relative competitive abilities have been altered and that this might contribute to an increased algal overgrowth although the coral component is still in a physiologically fit state. This could lead to changes in ecosystem structure and function without bleaching events or increased coral mortality as warning signals.
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Online Documents
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- Copies of papers downloaded from ReefBase may be used and reproduced for non-commercial purpose only.
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3.
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ICRS9,
Wadley, C.M., C.A. Downs, J.E. Fauth, E. Mueller, J.C. Halas, J. Bemiss, Y. Ben-Haim and E. Rosenberg,
2000
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A novel diagnostic system to assess the physiological status of corals.
In Moosa, M.K., S. Soemodihardjo, A. Soegiarto, K. Romimohtarto, A. Nontji, Soekarno and Suharsono (ed.). Proceedings of the Ninth International Coral Reef Symposium, Bali. 23-27 Oct. 2000. Vol. 2:1267-1272
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Author
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Wadley, C.M., C.A. Downs, J.E. Fauth, E. Mueller, J.C. Halas, J. Bemiss, Y. Ben-Haim and E. Rosenberg
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Year
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2000
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Title
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A novel diagnostic system to assess the physiological status of corals.
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Source
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In Moosa, M.K., S. Soemodihardjo, A. Soegiarto, K. Romimohtarto, A. Nontji, Soekarno and Suharsono (ed.). Proceedings of the Ninth International Coral Reef Symposium, Bali. 23-27 Oct. 2000. Vol. 2:1267-1272
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Keywords
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coral bleaching, molecular biomarkers, health assessment, stress protein, ICRS9, assay, environmental stressors, oxidative stress, biotechnology, Oculina varicosa, Monrastraen favealata, heatshock protein
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Caption
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Please note that the document may contain typo errors due to the inability of the OCR (Optical Character Recognition) software to recognize and translate scientific terms found in the proceedings.
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Abstract
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We developed a novel molecular diagnostic system to assess the physiological status of corals by assaying specific parameters of cellular physiology. This system is particularly relevant because multiple environmental stressors may contribute to bleaching, one mechanism for coral mortality worldwide. In laboratory studies, diagnostic parameters distinguished the separate and combined effects of heat and light on a star coral (Monrastraen favealafa) and its symbiont (zooxanthellae), and provided evidence that oxidative stress plays a central role in bleaching. We also used this new biotechnology to characterize bacteria-induced bleaching in the ivory tree coral (Oculina varicosa). Our data suggest that bacteria-induced coral bleaching may involve non-oxidative stress mechanisms. Thus, the molecular diagnostic system enabled us to (1) diagnose whether corals were physiologically stressed, (2) potentially discriminate between mechanisms involved in coral bleaching, and (3) provide evidence that chloroplast small heatshock
proteins protect against coral bleaching.
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Online Documents
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- Copies of papers downloaded from ReefBase may be used and reproduced for non-commercial purpose only.
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4.
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ICRS9
Bohnsack, J.A., B. Causey, M.P. Crosby, R.B. Griffis, M.A. Hixon, T.F. Hourigan, K.H. Koltes, J.E. Maragos, A. Simmons and J.T. Tilman,
2000
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A rationale for minimum 20-30% no-take protection.
In Moosa, M.K., S. Soemodihardjo, A. Soegiarto, K. Romimohtarto, A. Nontji, Soekarno and Suharsono (ed.). Proceedings of the Ninth International Coral Reef Symposium, Bali. 23-27 Oct. 2000. Vol. 2:615-620
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Author
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Bohnsack, J.A., B. Causey, M.P. Crosby, R.B. Griffis, M.A. Hixon, T.F. Hourigan, K.H. Koltes, J.E. Maragos, A. Simmons and J.T. Tilman
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Year
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2000
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Title
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A rationale for minimum 20-30% no-take protection.
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Source
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In Moosa, M.K., S. Soemodihardjo, A. Soegiarto, K. Romimohtarto, A. Nontji, Soekarno and Suharsono (ed.). Proceedings of the Ninth International Coral Reef Symposium, Bali. 23-27 Oct. 2000. Vol. 2:615-620
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Keywords
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coral reef, fisheries, management, MPA, ICRS9
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Caption
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Please note that the document may contain typo errors due to the inability of the OCR (Optical Character Recognition) software to recognize and translate scientific terms found in the proceedings.
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Abstract
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In response to the coral reef decline, the U.S. Coral Reef Task Force adopted a goal of protecting a minimum of 20% by area of all representative coral reefs and associated habitats as no- take reserves by 2010. Here we provide a rationale for using 20 - 30% minimum no- take protection to conserve coral reef ecosystems. Support comes from reproductive theory, knowledge about the vulnerability of reef species to exploitation, analysis of fisheries failures, and empirical and modeling studies of reserves. Other support comes from applying principles of precautionary management and a need for having minimally disturbed reference sites. Reserves alone will not protect all species and must be used in addition to other fisheries and resource management measures to obtain high sustainable fishery production. Ultimately, human activities must be within sustainable limits of coral reef ecosystems.
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Online Documents
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- Copies of papers downloaded from ReefBase may be used and reproduced for non-commercial purpose only.
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5.
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ICRS9,
Dinsdale, E.A.,
2000
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Abundance of black-band disease on corals from one
location on the Great Barrier Reef: a comparison with
abundance in the Caribbean region.
In Moosa, M.K., S. Soemodihardjo, A. Soegiarto, K. Romimohtarto, A. Nontji, Soekarno and Suharsono (ed.). Proceedings of the Ninth International Coral Reef Symposium, Bali. 23-27 Oct. 2000. Vol. 2:1238-1244
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Author
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Dinsdale, E.A.
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Year
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2000
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Title
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Abundance of black-band disease on corals from one
location on the Great Barrier Reef: a comparison with
abundance in the Caribbean region.
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Source
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In Moosa, M.K., S. Soemodihardjo, A. Soegiarto, K. Romimohtarto, A. Nontji, Soekarno and Suharsono (ed.). Proceedings of the Ninth International Coral Reef Symposium, Bali. 23-27 Oct. 2000. Vol. 2:1238-1244
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Keywords
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coral disease, ICRS9, black band disease, Great Barrier Reef
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Caption
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Please note that the document may contain typo errors due to the inability of the OCR (Optical Character Recognition) software to recognize and translate scientific terms found in the proceedings.
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Abstract
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Black-band disease (BBD) occurs on the Great Barrier Reef, Australia, with at least 21 species in five families being affected. Surveys of reef crest corals at Lizard Island found 2.8% of 4569 coral colonies were affected with BBD. Acroporidae, in particular Acropora hyacinthus, Acropora intermedia and Acropora millepora, were susceptible to BBD, compared with the Caribbean where acroporid corals are resistant to BBD. Pocilloporidae, including Pocillopora damicornis, Pocillopora verrucosa and Stylophora pistillata, were identified as important host species. The abundance of BBD varied between sites, ranging from 1.3% to 4.9% of colonies affected. The percentage of BBD-affected colonies varied between coral families. The percent of colonies affected with BBD were: 6.0% for the Pocilloporidae, 3.6% for the Acroporidae, 3.0% for the Faviidae and 2.1% for the Poritidae. The level of BBDaffected colonies on the GBR was within the range of affected colonies reported in the Caribbean.
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Online Documents
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6.
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ICRS9
Cadwallader, P., M. Ressell, D. Cameron, M. Bishop and J. Tanzer,
2000
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Achieving ecologically sustainable fisheries in the
Great Barrier Reef World Heritage Area.
In Moosa, M.K., S. Soemodihardjo, A. Soegiarto, K. Romimohtarto, A. Nontji, Soekarno and Suharsono (ed.). Proceedings of the Ninth International Coral Reef Symposium, Bali. 23-27 Oct. 2000. Vol. 2:697-704
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Author
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Cadwallader, P., M. Ressell, D. Cameron, M. Bishop and J. Tanzer
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Year
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2000
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Title
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Achieving ecologically sustainable fisheries in the
Great Barrier Reef World Heritage Area.
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Source
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In Moosa, M.K., S. Soemodihardjo, A. Soegiarto, K. Romimohtarto, A. Nontji, Soekarno and Suharsono (ed.). Proceedings of the Ninth International Coral Reef Symposium, Bali. 23-27 Oct. 2000. Vol. 2:697-704
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Keywords
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fisheries, marine protected area, MPA. Trawl, ICRS9
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Caption
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Please note that the document may contain typo errors due to the inability of the OCR (Optical Character Recognition) software to recognize and translate scientific terms found in the proceedings.
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Abstract
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The Great Barrier Reef Marine Park (GBRMP) is a multiple-use marine protected area in which commercial, recreational, charter and indigenous fishing activities occur. Commercial fisheries include trawl, line, net and trap fishing and several collection fisheries. The GBRMP is zoned to regulate the various kinds of fishing activities. Achieving the balance between conservation and sustainable fisheries requires on-going consultation between marine park managers, fisheries managers, scientists, industry and other stakeholders. The ecological sustainability offishery resources and the ecosystems on which they depend is required under Federal legislation. The State of Queensland is responsible for day-to-day fisheries management under a Federal/State agreement. A key political question is the
extent to which the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority, a Federal Government agency, can achieve its legislative objectives through cooperation and negotiation with State agencies, rather than use its legislative mandate in areas that are traditionally the responsibility of fisheries management agencies. The development of a management
plan for the Queensland east coast trawl fishery is described as an example of the processes involved in managing fisheries in the GBRMP.
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7.
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ICRS9
Mamauag, S.S., T.J. Donaldson, V.R. Pratt and B. McCullough,
2000
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Age and size structure of the leopard coral grouper, Plectropomus leopardus (Serranidae: Epinephelinae), in the life reef fish trade of the Philippines.
In Moosa, M.K., S. Soemodihardjo, A. Soegiarto, K. Romimohtarto, A. Nontji, Soekarno and Suharsono (ed.). Proceedings of the Ninth International Coral Reef Symposium, Bali. 23-27 Oct. 2000. Vol. 2:649-656
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Author
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Mamauag, S.S., T.J. Donaldson, V.R. Pratt and B. McCullough
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Year
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2000
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Title
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Age and size structure of the leopard coral grouper, Plectropomus leopardus (Serranidae: Epinephelinae), in the life reef fish trade of the Philippines.
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Source
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In Moosa, M.K., S. Soemodihardjo, A. Soegiarto, K. Romimohtarto, A. Nontji, Soekarno and Suharsono (ed.). Proceedings of the Ninth International Coral Reef Symposium, Bali. 23-27 Oct. 2000. Vol. 2:649-656
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Keywords
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fish ageing, live fish trade, over-exploitation, cyanide fishing, ICRS9
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Caption
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Please note that the document may contain typo errors due to the inability of the OCR (Optical Character Recognition) software to recognize and translate scientific terms found in the proceedings.
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Abstract
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To determine the effects of exploitation on the stocks of P. leopardus in the live reef fish trade (LRF1), age data between 1998-1999 were assessed in Coron and Guivan. L(infinity) and K were preliminary and results suggest that P. leopardus was slow-growing. The LRFT targets small- to moderate-sized, young individuals which is influenced
by the pricing dynamics in the market. Samples from Coron ranged from 2-8 yrs old (24.0-47.7 cm TL), while those from Guivan were 1-5 yrs. old (15.5-37.0 cm TL) resulting to differences in mean age and size. Mortality rates and exploitation ratio were also preliminary and results indicate that P. leopardus at both sites was over-exploited. Selective harvest in the LRFT raises the possibility that catch in the P. leopardus may consist mostly of sexually immature and maturing individuals. Recruitment over-fishing would be the likely result and depletion of populations may follow.
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8.
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ICRS9
van Lavieren, H.,
2000
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An assessment of coastal resources in the northern Siera Madre Natural Park and an approach for management.
In Moosa, M.K., S. Soemodihardjo, A. Soegiarto, K. Romimohtarto, A. Nontji, Soekarno and Suharsono (ed.). Proceedings of the Ninth International Coral Reef Symposium, Bali. 23-27 Oct. 2000. Vol. 2:673-680
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Author
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van Lavieren, H.
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Year
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2000
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Title
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An assessment of coastal resources in the northern Siera Madre Natural Park and an approach for management.
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Source
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In Moosa, M.K., S. Soemodihardjo, A. Soegiarto, K. Romimohtarto, A. Nontji, Soekarno and Suharsono (ed.). Proceedings of the Ninth International Coral Reef Symposium, Bali. 23-27 Oct. 2000. Vol. 2:673-680
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Keywords
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coastal resources managemant, conservastion, resources use, community participation, ICRS9
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Caption
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Please note that the document may contain typo errors due to the inability of the OCR (Optical Character Recognition) software to recognize and translate scientific terms found in the proceedings.
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Abstract
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The Northern Siena Madre Natural Park (NSMNP) is located in Luzon, Philippines and is one of the ten priority sites for biodiversity conservation in the Philippines. This paper gives an overview of the outcome of specific studies on the populations of sea turtles, fisheries, coral reefs, seagrass beds and cetaceans, and some constraints to community based
management in this area discussed together with an approach for sustainable management. Management issues in this park include conflicts in resource use between the indigenous people, migrants and non-local fishermen and their socio-cultural attitudes, which influence the acceptability and effectiveness of coastal resource management
schemes. Fragmented protection of the coastal zone among various mandated government agencies has led to conflicts and/or overlapping of responsibilities often resulting in inaction. The management approach for the NSMNP is multi-factored and dynamic and successful involvement of coastal communities in the protection of marine
resources has been achieved through their participation in local resource protection groups, a biodiversity monitoring system and other conservation activities.
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9.
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ICRS9
Seenprachawong, U.,
2000
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An economic analysis of coral reef benefits from Phi Phi Islands, Thailand.
In Moosa, M.K., S. Soemodihardjo, A. Soegiarto, K. Romimohtarto, A. Nontji, Soekarno and Suharsono (ed.). Proceedings of the Ninth International Coral Reef Symposium, Bali. 23-27 Oct. 2000. Vol. 2: 775-778
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Author
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Seenprachawong, U.
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Year
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2000
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Title
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An economic analysis of coral reef benefits from Phi Phi Islands, Thailand.
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Source
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In Moosa, M.K., S. Soemodihardjo, A. Soegiarto, K. Romimohtarto, A. Nontji, Soekarno and Suharsono (ed.). Proceedings of the Ninth International Coral Reef Symposium, Bali. 23-27 Oct. 2000. Vol. 2: 775-778
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Keywords
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contingent valuation, coral reef, travel cost, willingness to pay, ICRS9
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Caption
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Please note that the document may contain typo errors due to the inability of the OCR (Optical Character Recognition) software to recognize and translate scientific terms found in the proceedings.
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Abstract
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The focus of this study is the valuation of coral reefs and how this information can be used to improve planning for coral reef management in Thailand. Phi Phi is rich in reefs and is envisioned as an ecological tourism destination by government planners. It can generate large economic values through recreation. The annual benefit from the recreational services of Phi Phi estimated by a travel cost method was estimated at 8.216.4 million baht (USD205.41 million) (40 baht=USD1 ). Therefore, the value of Phi Phi is about 249.720 baht (USD6,243) per ha per year (the reef area at Phi Phi is 32,900 ha). Assuming the real value of this recreational value of 8.216.4 million baht (USD205 41 million) a year remains the same over 30 years and using a real interest rate of 5%, the present value of recreation of Phi Phi is 126,280 million baht (USD3,157 million). A contingent valuation method (CVM) was used to estimate utility values associated with coral reef biodiversity at Phi Phi. The mean willingness to pay (WTP) per visit was estimated at 287 baht (USD7.17) for domestic visitors and at 286 baht (USD7.15) for international visitors. From this the total value of Phi Phi's coral reefs was estimated to be 5.89 million baht (USD .147 million) a year for domestic
visitors and 49.6 million baht (USDl.24 million) a ye ar for international visitors. This study also used the CVM to calculate the mean willingness to pay of domestic vicarious users - 634 baht (USDI5.85) - and from this the total value (use and non-use) of the reefs was estimated to be 19,895 million baht (USD497.38 million) a year, averaging 604,720 baht (USD15,118) per ha per year. It is recommended that a benefit capture instrument be implemented that targets tourists' consumer surpluses. Determining a user fee for Phi Phi is quite straight forward as the value that people obtain from visiting Phi Phi reef site is 286-287 baht (USD7.15-7.17) per visit. Based on these numbers, this study suggests a basic entrance fee of 40 baht (USDI) per person per visit but additional user charges should be
implemented when visitors received additional services from the variety of recreational sites being offered at Phi Phi.
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10.
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ICRS9
Cadiz, P.L., and H.P. Calumpong,
2000
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Analysis of revenues from ecotourism in Apo island,
Negros Oriental, Philippines.
In Moosa, M.K., S. Soemodihardjo, A. Soegiarto, K. Romimohtarto, A. Nontji, Soekarno and Suharsono (ed.). Proceedings of the Ninth International Coral Reef Symposium, Bali. 23-27 Oct. 2000. Vol. 2: 771-775
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Author
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Cadiz, P.L., and H.P. Calumpong
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Year
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2000
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Title
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Analysis of revenues from ecotourism in Apo island,
Negros Oriental, Philippines.
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Source
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In Moosa, M.K., S. Soemodihardjo, A. Soegiarto, K. Romimohtarto, A. Nontji, Soekarno and Suharsono (ed.). Proceedings of the Ninth International Coral Reef Symposium, Bali. 23-27 Oct. 2000. Vol. 2: 771-775
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Keywords
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ecotourism, revenues, Philippines, ICRS9
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Caption
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Please note that the document may contain typo errors due to the inability of the OCR (Optical Character Recognition) software to recognize and translate scientific terms found in the proceedings.
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Abstract
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Apo Island Marine Sanctuary in Central Philippines was established in 1986 as a fisheries intervention using a community-based approach. Its continued protection resulted not only in increased fish standing biomass and harvest but also in the preservation of its coral reefs. However, th e unregulated number of tourists diving and snorkeling in the sanctuary has raised concerns among members of the community and the Protected Area Management Board (PAMB) of the damage it has caused to the corals. Hence, this study was conducted to monitor tourism in Apo Island with the objective of aiding the PAMB in regulating it. April was the peak month for tourism (2301v sitors) and September the lowest month (737 visitors). Number of visitors daily ranged from 26 to 54. The majority of
visitors were foreigners (6 2%). Filipinos comprised only 38%. Total donations and user fees collected amounted to PhP 5 39,489 (U S$ 13,487@ US$1: PhP4 0); 5 .48% were donations, the rest were user fees prescribed by PAMB. Of the amount, 75% went back to Apo Island for maintenance of the marine sanctuary. Income in support of tourism
activities, e .g. diving, boats, accommodation, souvenir was estimated to be 7, 234,366 (US$ I 80,859), 20% of which went directly to Apo residents.
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11.
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ICRS9
Friedlander, A., K. Poepoe, K. Poepoe, K. Helm, P. Bartram, J. Maragos and I. Abbott,
2000
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Application of Hawaiian traditions to community based fishery management.
In Moosa, M.K., S. Soemodihardjo, A. Soegiarto, K. Romimohtarto, A. Nontji, Soekarno and Suharsono (ed.). Proceedings of the Ninth International Coral Reef Symposium, Bali. 23-27 Oct. 2000. Vol. 2:813-818
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Author
|
Friedlander, A., K. Poepoe, K. Poepoe, K. Helm, P. Bartram, J. Maragos and I. Abbott
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Year
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2000
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Title
|
Application of Hawaiian traditions to community based fishery management.
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Source
|
In Moosa, M.K., S. Soemodihardjo, A. Soegiarto, K. Romimohtarto, A. Nontji, Soekarno and Suharsono (ed.). Proceedings of the Ninth International Coral Reef Symposium, Bali. 23-27 Oct. 2000. Vol. 2:813-818
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Keywords
|
Hawaiian tradition, subsistance fisheries, ICRS9
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Caption
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Please note that the document may contain typo errors due to the inability of the OCR (Optical Character Recognition) software to recognize and translate scientific terms found in the proceedings.
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Abstract
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The community in the Ho'olehu Hawaiian Homesteads on the island of Moloka'i is strengthening community influence and accountability for the health and long-term sustainability of their marine resources through revitalization of local traditions and resource knowledge. The traditional system in Hawaii emphasized social and cultural controls on fishing with a code of conduct that was strictly enforced. Local resource monitors, in conjunction with visiting scientists, are creating a predictive management tool based loosely on the Hawaiian moon calendar to guide responsible fishing practices. Community-sanctioned norms for fishing conduct are being reinforced through continual feedback based on local resource monitoring, education, and peer pressure. Hawaiian community building and proper cultural protocols are essential to understand and revitalize marine conservation traditions.
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12.
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ICRS9
Westmacott, S.,
2000
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Are we tackling the main issues constraining
integrated coastal management in coral reef areas ?
In Moosa, M.K., S. Soemodihardjo, A. Soegiarto, K. Romimohtarto, A. Nontji, Soekarno and Suharsono (ed.). Proceedings of the Ninth International Coral Reef Symposium, Bali. 23-27 Oct. 2000. Vol. 2:729-734
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Author
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Westmacott, S.
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Year
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2000
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Title
|
Are we tackling the main issues constraining
integrated coastal management in coral reef areas ?
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Source
|
In Moosa, M.K., S. Soemodihardjo, A. Soegiarto, K. Romimohtarto, A. Nontji, Soekarno and Suharsono (ed.). Proceedings of the Ninth International Coral Reef Symposium, Bali. 23-27 Oct. 2000. Vol. 2:729-734
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Keywords
|
integrated coastal management, participation, poverty, conflict resources, ICM, ICZM, ICRS9
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Caption
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Please note that the document may contain typo errors due to the inability of the OCR (Optical Character Recognition) software to recognize and translate scientific terms found in the proceedings.
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Abstract
|
The increasing pressure on our coastal zones, particularly in tropical areas has resulted in a call for a more integrated form of management. Integrated Coastal Management is defined here as the "ideal" situation where institutions, defined as agencies, stakeholders and organisations involved or affected by the management of the coastal zone, work together to manage the use of coastal resources in a sustainable manner. This paper reports on a recent survey of tropical coastal areas that identifies the main impediments affecting the ability to implement ICM in these areas. The results show we need to focus on reducing pressure on fish stocks, poverty alleviation, conflict resolution, education and awareness
building for both political and public support and ensuring sufficient enforcement capacity within organisations.
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13.
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ICRS9,
Cooper, T.F., M.P. L. Smith, J.D.Bell and K.A. Pitt,
2000
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Assessing the effects of logging on coral reefs in
Solomon Islands.
In Moosa, M.K., S. Soemodihardjo, A. Soegiarto, K. Romimohtarto, A. Nontji, Soekarno and Suharsono (ed.). Proceedings of the Ninth International Coral Reef Symposium, Bali. 23-27 Oct. 2000. Vol. 2:1199-1204
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Author
|
Cooper, T.F., M.P. L. Smith, J.D.Bell and K.A. Pitt
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Year
|
2000
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Title
|
Assessing the effects of logging on coral reefs in
Solomon Islands.
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Source
|
In Moosa, M.K., S. Soemodihardjo, A. Soegiarto, K. Romimohtarto, A. Nontji, Soekarno and Suharsono (ed.). Proceedings of the Ninth International Coral Reef Symposium, Bali. 23-27 Oct. 2000. Vol. 2:1199-1204
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Keywords
|
runoff, sedimentation, experimental design, environment impact, ICRS9, Solomon Islands, logging
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Caption
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Please note that the document may contain typo errors due to the inability of the OCR (Optical Character Recognition) software to recognize and translate scientific terms found in the proceedings.
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Abstract
|
The corals occurring in bays adjacent to mouths of rivers in Western Province, Solomon Islands, are being studied to quantify the effects of runoff associated with logging on coral reefs. The 5-year study aims to identify any effects of runoff on fringing coral reefs by comparing abundance, diversity, survival and recruitment of corals adjacent to ,
actively logged, previously logged and unlogged catchments on each of 2 islands. A pilot study comparing diversity and abundance of corals adjacent to actively logged and unlogged catchments indicated that effects of runoff on corals did not always conform to predictions, and differed between islands. For example, there was more dead coral
adjacent to logged catchments at Vangunu Island, whereas at Kolombangara Island, more live coral occurred adjacent to actively logged catchments. The comparison of bays adjacent to actively logged, previously logged and unlogged catchments over 5 years is expected to provide a robust test of any effects of runoff on diversity and abundance of
corals, whilst also testing for recovery from any such impacts.
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14.
|
|
ICRS9
Stepath, C.M.,
2000
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Awareness and community-based monitoring.
In Moosa, M.K., S. Soemodihardjo, A. Soegiarto, K. Romimohtarto, A. Nontji, Soekarno and Suharsono (ed.). Proceedings of the Ninth International Coral Reef Symposium, Bali. 23-27 Oct. 2000. Vol. 2:807-811
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Author
|
Stepath, C.M.
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Year
|
2000
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|
|
Title
|
Awareness and community-based monitoring.
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Source
|
In Moosa, M.K., S. Soemodihardjo, A. Soegiarto, K. Romimohtarto, A. Nontji, Soekarno and Suharsono (ed.). Proceedings of the Ninth International Coral Reef Symposium, Bali. 23-27 Oct. 2000. Vol. 2:807-811
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Keywords
|
experimental education, responsible environtal behaviour, social ecology, ICRS9
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Caption
|
Please note that the document may contain typo errors due to the inability of the OCR (Optical Character Recognition) software to recognize and translate scientific terms found in the proceedings.
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Abstract
|
Outreach and community education programs make awareness their primary goal, but this is not producing responsible environmental behavior. In conservation much attention is being focused on raising public awareness, but other action needs to be taken. A awareness is realizing that a problem exists, not necessarily include rectifying the
problem. Environmental educators, policy makers and managers should look past environmental awareness toward outcomes related to responsible behaviour. Current publications note that the relationship between attitudes and behaviour is questionable. New ideas and fresh approaches are needed to help people translate awareness to participatory action. This article explores the relationship between coral reef monitoring, awareness, and participation. Awareness is only a first step in the process of responsible environmental behaviour, not an end in itself. Promoting responsible environmental behaviour requires changing human attitudes and linking them to participation. Participatory action should be the desired outcome, and awareness is a necessary step in the process.
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15.
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ICRS9
Harborne, A.R., D.C. Afzal, M.J. Andrews and J.M. Ridley,
2000
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Beyond data: the expanded role of a volunteer
program assisting resource assessment and
management in the Bay Islands, Honduras.
In Moosa, M.K., S. Soemodihardjo, A. Soegiarto, K. Romimohtarto, A. Nontji, Soekarno and Suharsono (ed.). Proceedings of the Ninth International Coral Reef Symposium, Bali. 23-27 Oct. 2000. Vol. 2:667-673
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Author
|
Harborne, A.R., D.C. Afzal, M.J. Andrews and J.M. Ridley
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Year
|
2000
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|
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Title
|
Beyond data: the expanded role of a volunteer
program assisting resource assessment and
management in the Bay Islands, Honduras.
|
|
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Source
|
In Moosa, M.K., S. Soemodihardjo, A. Soegiarto, K. Romimohtarto, A. Nontji, Soekarno and Suharsono (ed.). Proceedings of the Ninth International Coral Reef Symposium, Bali. 23-27 Oct. 2000. Vol. 2:667-673
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|
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Keywords
|
community-based, coastal zone management, Mesoamerican, volunteers, ICRS9
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|
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Caption
|
Please note that the document may contain typo errors due to the inability of the OCR (Optical Character Recognition) software to recognize and translate scientific terms found in the proceedings.
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Abstract
|
The use of self-financing, non-professional researchers is an effective means of generating data within the marine science, particularly in remote locations. In addition, 'volunteer' programmes can significantly expand their role when located within coastal communities and can add value to internationally funded interventions. For example, work by Coral Cay Conservation (CCC) in Bay Islands, Honduras, has benefited local communities by establishing a constatn fieldwork programme which generates highly focused data for resource mapping and monitoring at no cost to the host country and providing technical assistance on reef management. In addition, training and environmental education opportunities for host country counterparts have been extensive because of the proximity to the population centres. Collaborative links with a range of local, national and internationally funded initiatives has also demonstrated how volunteer programmes can significantly assist even large-scale projects. Finally, CCC's long-term commitment provides a conduit for additional funding to develop capacity for sustainable coastal management.
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16.
|
|
ICRS9
Gosliner, T.M.,
2000
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|
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Biodiversity, endemism, and evolution of
Opisthobranch gastropods on Indo-Pacific coral reefs
In Moosa, M.K., S. Soemodihardjo, A. Soegiarto, K. Romimohtarto, A. Nontji, Soekarno and Suharsono (ed.). Proceedings of the Ninth International Coral Reef Symposium, Bali. 23-27 Oct. 2000. Vol. 2: 937-940
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Author
|
Gosliner, T.M.
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Year
|
2000
|
|
|
Title
|
Biodiversity, endemism, and evolution of
Opisthobranch gastropods on Indo-Pacific coral reefs
|
|
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Source
|
In Moosa, M.K., S. Soemodihardjo, A. Soegiarto, K. Romimohtarto, A. Nontji, Soekarno and Suharsono (ed.). Proceedings of the Ninth International Coral Reef Symposium, Bali. 23-27 Oct. 2000. Vol. 2: 937-940
|
|
|
Keywords
|
Opisthobranchis, phylogeny, endemism, ICRS9
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Caption
|
Please note that the document may contain typo errors due to the inability of the OCR (Optical Character Recognition) software to recognize and translate scientific terms found in the proceedings.
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Abstract
|
The Indo-Pacific tropics support more than three thousand species of opisthobranch gastropod molluscs. The greatest species richness is found within the reefs of the westem Pacific, from the Philippine Islands, Indonesia and Papua New Guinea. In addition to examining species richness, areas of high diversity and endemism have been traditionally identified as regions of particular concern for assessment of conservation priorities and hotspots. With increased understanding of phylogenetic relationships of highly diverse taxa, other important data are available for consideration in determining conservation priorities. Phylogenetic studies of many clades of opisthobranchs strongly suggest that Indo-Pacific representative generally form monophyletic lineages that are the sister clades to Atlantic and eastern Pacific lineages. This fact suggests that the Indo-pacific represents an historically significant evolutionary and biogeographical unit. Different taxa within the Indo-Pacific may exhibit radically different patterns of speciation, diversification, and evolutionary history, thereby adding to the challenge of developing unified conservation strategies for preserving the world's richest coral reefs. Detailed examination of the distribution of Indo-Pacific species, indicates that Indo-Pacific endemics are not usually restricted to individual
localities. However regional endemism is very high, especially in the western Pacific. Thus, regional conservation strategies that cross political boundaries are necessary to preserve important endemic taxa.
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17.
|
|
ICRS9,
Conand, C., M. Laure, J-P. Quod, F. Conand and J. Turquet,
2000
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|
|
|
|
Bleaching in a Western Indian Ocean island, La Reunion: a multi-scale approach.
In Moosa, M.K., S. Soemodihardjo, A. Soegiarto, K. Romimohtarto, A. Nontji, Soekarno and Suharsono (ed.). Proceedings of the Ninth International Coral Reef Symposium, Bali. 23-27 Oct. 2000. Vol. 2:1155-1160
|
Author
|
Conand, C., M. Laure, J-P. Quod, F. Conand and J. Turquet
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|
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Year
|
2000
|
|
|
Title
|
Bleaching in a Western Indian Ocean island, La Reunion: a multi-scale approach.
|
|
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Source
|
In Moosa, M.K., S. Soemodihardjo, A. Soegiarto, K. Romimohtarto, A. Nontji, Soekarno and Suharsono (ed.). Proceedings of the Ninth International Coral Reef Symposium, Bali. 23-27 Oct. 2000. Vol. 2:1155-1160
|
|
|
Keywords
|
coral bleaching, coral reef degradation, monitoring, sea surface temperature, dinoflagellate, ICRS9, Indian Ocean
|
|
|
Caption
|
Please note that the document may contain typo errors due to the inability of the OCR (Optical Character Recognition) software to recognize and translate scientific terms found in the proceedings.
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|
|
Abstract
|
The 1998 bleaching event in La Reunion stimulated a joint study, to better understand the causes, patterns and consequences of coral bleaching and post-bleaching processes. Three scales were considered in this study. (1) At small scale of the entire island, using the NOAA-AVHRR satellite data various thresholds have been analyzed, discussed and compared with subsurface temperatures recorded in situ. (2) At the medium scale of local reefs and coral colonies, data has been collected from observations and through enquiries to better follow the progression of bleaching and the different sensitivity of species. An " Alert form " has then been prepared. (3) At the largest scale fallowing the death of corals, different stages of colonisation by filamentous algae have been characterised, in order to identify the succession of the epiphytic assemblage whose prevalence is favourable to the growth of toxic dinoflagellates, from which an increase in ciguatera is a possible consequence. These complementary approaches provide the necessary tools for a better understanding and prevision of future events.
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|
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18.
|
|
ICRS9,
Moura, R.L.,
2000
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|
|
|
|
Brazilian reefs as priority areas for biodiversity
conservation in the Atlantic Ocean.
In Moosa, M.K., S. Soemodihardjo, A. Soegiarto, K. Romimohtarto, A. Nontji, Soekarno and Suharsono (ed.). Proceedings of the Ninth International Coral Reef Symposium, Bali. 23-27 Oct. 2000. Vol. 2:917-920
|
Author
|
Moura, R.L.
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|
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Year
|
2000
|
|
|
Title
|
Brazilian reefs as priority areas for biodiversity
conservation in the Atlantic Ocean.
|
|
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Source
|
In Moosa, M.K., S. Soemodihardjo, A. Soegiarto, K. Romimohtarto, A. Nontji, Soekarno and Suharsono (ed.). Proceedings of the Ninth International Coral Reef Symposium, Bali. 23-27 Oct. 2000. Vol. 2:917-920
|
|
|
Keywords
|
Southwestern Atlantic, biodiversity conservation, ICRS9, deforestation, reef degradation
|
|
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Caption
|
Please note that the document may contain typo errors due to the inability of the OCR (Optical Character Recognition) software to recognize and translate scientific terms found in the proceedings.
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|
|
Abstract
|
While considerable attention has been devoted to coral reef research and habitat degradation in the Caribbean, the Southwestern Atlantic (Brazil) has received less local and international attention, due to the smaller size and lower relative species richness of its reefs. However, Brazilian reefs have high percentages of endemism (30-50%) concentrated in only 0.4% of the total global reef area, and therefore constitute a conservation priority in the Atlantic Ocean. Immediate attention from scientists and conservationists is urgently needed, since coastal deforestation and coral reef degradation is occurring at extremely high rates.
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19.
|
|
ICRS9
Yamano, H. and M. Tamura,
2000
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|
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|
|
Can satellite sensors detect coral reef bleaching? A feasibility study using radiative transfer models in air
and water.
In Moosa, M.K., S. Soemodihardjo, A. Soegiarto, K. Romimohtarto, A. Nontji, Soekarno and Suharsono (ed.). Proceedings of the Ninth International Coral Reef Symposium, Bali. 23-27 Oct. 2000. Vol. 2:1025-1034
|
Author
|
Yamano, H. and M. Tamura
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|
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Year
|
2000
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|
|
Title
|
Can satellite sensors detect coral reef bleaching? A feasibility study using radiative transfer models in air
and water.
|
|
|
Source
|
In Moosa, M.K., S. Soemodihardjo, A. Soegiarto, K. Romimohtarto, A. Nontji, Soekarno and Suharsono (ed.). Proceedings of the Ninth International Coral Reef Symposium, Bali. 23-27 Oct. 2000. Vol. 2:1025-1034
|
|
|
Keywords
|
remote sensing, lansat TM, coral bleaching, 6S, hydrolight, ICRS9
|
|
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Caption
|
Please note that the document may contain typo errors due to the inability of the OCR (Optical Character Recognition) software to recognize and translate scientific terms found in the proceedings.
|
|
|
Abstract
|
In order to examine the feasibility of satellite sensors for monitoring coral reef bleaching, the radiance components received by Landsat TM in visible bands were calculated using radiative transfer models in air and water. The radiance derived from atmospheric effects significantly contributed to the total radiance received by the satellite; therefore, the
atmospheric effects must be removed for multitemporal monitoring of coral reefs. Calculation of water-leaving radiance from healthy and bleached corals revealed it to be possible to detect coral bleaching using Landsat TM band 1 (or band2 ), if bleaching occurs in a portion of more than 47 % (or 32 %) of a pixel image( 30 m x 30 m). The advance in spatial resolution in the future could contribute significantly to a precise detection of coral reef bleaching by satellites.
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|
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|
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20.
|
|
ICRS9
Hair, C.A., P.J. Doherty, J.D. Bell and M. Lam,
2000
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|
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|
|
Capture and culture of presettlement coral fishes in Solomon Islands.
In Moosa, M.K., S. Soemodihardjo, A. Soegiarto, K. Romimohtarto, A. Nontji, Soekarno and Suharsono (ed.). Proceedings of the Ninth International Coral Reef Symposium, Bali. 23-27 Oct. 2000. Vol. 2:819-828
|
Author
|
Hair, C.A., P.J. Doherty, J.D. Bell and M. Lam
|
|
|
Year
|
2000
|
|
|
Title
|
Capture and culture of presettlement coral fishes in Solomon Islands.
|
|
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Source
|
In Moosa, M.K., S. Soemodihardjo, A. Soegiarto, K. Romimohtarto, A. Nontji, Soekarno and Suharsono (ed.). Proceedings of the Ninth International Coral Reef Symposium, Bali. 23-27 Oct. 2000. Vol. 2:819-828
|
|
|
Keywords
|
coral reef fishes, aquarium, light trap, crest nets, sustainable artisanal fisheries, ICRS9
|
|
|
Caption
|
Please note that the document may contain typo errors due to the inability of the OCR (Optical Character Recognition) software to recognize and translate scientific terms found in the proceedings.
|
|
|
Abstract
|
There is a significant trade in live coral reef fishes for aquarium and niche food markets. Resistance to these operations in many places is based upon the threat of overfishing and the use of destructive fishing techniques. The Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR) is funding a development project in Solomon Islands by ICLARM. The World Fish Center to demonstrate the feasibility of supplying these markets through a new artisanal fishery based upon harvesting presettlement fishes. In the pilot phase, we used crest nets and light traps toexamine the spatio-temporal characteristics of the supply of suitable presettlement fish. In six months of sampling (November 1999 to April 2000), we collected 84,568 individuals from 66 families with obvious differences in catch
composition taken by the two techniques. Analysis of variance indicated significant monthly variation in catch rates but with no pattern common to both techniques nor all components of the catches. Compared with Australia, seasonal variation is not evident at this latitude. Both light traps and crest nets have produced juveniles fit for culture, albeit
predominantly for ornamental species rather than for potential food fishes. Fish maintained alive after capture have shown rapid growth rates and the product has been accepted by aquarium fish exporters.
|
|
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21.
|
|
ICRS9,
Alino, P.M., N.E. Palomar, H.O. Arceo and A.T. Uychiaoco,
2000
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|
|
|
|
Challenges and opportunities for marine protected area (MPA) management in the Philippines.
In Moosa, M.K., S. Soemodihardjo, A. Soegiarto, K. Romimohtarto, A. Nontji, Soekarno and Suharsono (ed.). Proceedings of the Ninth International Coral Reef Symposium, Bali. 23-27 Oct. 2000. Vol. 2:635-641
|
Author
|
Alino, P.M., N.E. Palomar, H.O. Arceo and A.T. Uychiaoco
|
|
|
Year
|
2000
|
|
|
Title
|
Challenges and opportunities for marine protected area (MPA) management in the Philippines.
|
|
|
Source
|
In Moosa, M.K., S. Soemodihardjo, A. Soegiarto, K. Romimohtarto, A. Nontji, Soekarno and Suharsono (ed.). Proceedings of the Ninth International Coral Reef Symposium, Bali. 23-27 Oct. 2000. Vol. 2:635-641
|
|
|
Keywords
|
coral reefs, coastal resources, ICRS9, marine protected area, MPA, management
|
|
|
Caption
|
Please note that the document may contain typo errors due to the inability of the OCR (Optical Character Recognition) software to recognize and translate scientific terms found in the proceedings.
|
|
|
Abstract
|
Marine protected areas (MPAs) have been important interventions in coral reef management. In the Philippines, about 500 MPAs are currently recorded although <10% of these are effectively managed. An evaluation was undertaken to assess the state and progress of MPA management in the country with focus placed on effectiveness, monitoring, success and significance in the local, national or global context. Most MPAs were established with the aim of increasing fisheries yields, although evidence for this result is still inadequate. Nevertheless, the educational value has been tremendous and developments in national legislation have encouraged the establishment of MPAs in local municipalities. Information from successful MPAs indicated the urgency for more coordinated local and nationwide efforts to counter the effects of overexploitation and habitat degradation. This means that aside from the essential need for improving overall MPA management effectiveness, a national strategy that will functionally link MPA management through integrated coastal management programs in the municipal, bay-wide and biogeographic context is imperative.
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Online Documents
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22.
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ICRS9,
Maguire, B., D.F. Gleason, R. Mojica Jr and E.C. Mojica,
2000
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Changes in photographic R, G, and B numerical
values quantitatively reflect pigment and zooxanthella
decrease during Porites astreoides bleaching.
In Moosa, M.K., S. Soemodihardjo, A. Soegiarto, K. Romimohtarto, A. Nontji, Soekarno and Suharsono (ed.). Proceedings of the Ninth International Coral Reef Symposium, Bali. 23-27 Oct. 2000. Vol. 2:1129-1138
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Author
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Maguire, B., D.F. Gleason, R. Mojica Jr and E.C. Mojica
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Year
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2000
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Title
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Changes in photographic R, G, and B numerical
values quantitatively reflect pigment and zooxanthella
decrease during Porites astreoides bleaching.
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Source
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In Moosa, M.K., S. Soemodihardjo, A. Soegiarto, K. Romimohtarto, A. Nontji, Soekarno and Suharsono (ed.). Proceedings of the Ninth International Coral Reef Symposium, Bali. 23-27 Oct. 2000. Vol. 2:1129-1138
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Keywords
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coral bleaching, simple quantitative measurement, non-invasive coral measurement, ICRS9, colour intensity, dinoflagellate
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Caption
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Please note that the document may contain typo errors due to the inability of the OCR (Optical Character Recognition) software to recognize and translate scientific terms found in the proceedings.
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Abstract
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Relatively simple but accurate quantitative methods for measuring color and intensity of light reflected from coral (or others surfaces) are much needed. This paper describe such a method and tests it during " forced" bleaching of the reef coral, Porites astreoides (the coral was transferred from l7 m to 2m water depth). The method provides standardized numerical values of the reflectivity of the surface for each of the three primary additive colors [red (R), green (G), and blue (B)] perceived separately by human eyes and by color film. Combinations of various intensities of these
three colors produce the millions of different colors that we see and those which are displayed on the screen of a computer monitor or TV. Numbers representing the intensities of each of these three primary colors, when determined as outlined in this procedure, permit precise designation of the true color of a coral (or other surface). Moderate departures from white of the light shining on a surface are corrected for by the technique as long as the
illumination is even. A color measurement provides a triplet of RGB numbers which describe intensity of the primary additive R , G, and B colors and can be easily used to reconstruct that color on a computer screen to show the color of a coral as it would be seen in white light. The method was tested to determine its effectiveness in evaluating
bleaching in coral: patterns of change in the numbers representing R , G, and B intensities of coral colors during bleaching showed highly significant correlations with pattems of decrease of chlorophylls a and c2, and carotenoids, and less strong but still significant correlations with dinoflagellate number.
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Online Documents
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- Copies of papers downloaded from ReefBase may be used and reproduced for non-commercial purpose only.
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23.
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ICRS9,
Schalles, J.F. J.A. Maeder, J., D. Rundquist, S. Narumalani and J. Keck,
2000
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Close range, hyperspectral reflectance measurement of coral and other reef substrates.
In Moosa, M.K., S. Soemodihardjo, A. Soegiarto, K. Romimohtarto, A. Nontji, Soekarno and Suharsono (ed.). Proceedings of the Ninth International Coral Reef Symposium, Bali. 23-27 Oct. 2000. Vol. 2:1017-1024
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Author
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Schalles, J.F. J.A. Maeder, J., D. Rundquist, S. Narumalani and J. Keck
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Year
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2000
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Title
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Close range, hyperspectral reflectance measurement of coral and other reef substrates.
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Source
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In Moosa, M.K., S. Soemodihardjo, A. Soegiarto, K. Romimohtarto, A. Nontji, Soekarno and Suharsono (ed.). Proceedings of the Ninth International Coral Reef Symposium, Bali. 23-27 Oct. 2000. Vol. 2:1017-1024
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Keywords
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coral reef, remote sensing, reflectance, florescence, reef color, ICRS9, GIS
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Caption
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Please note that the document may contain typo errors due to the inability of the OCR (Optical Character Recognition) software to recognize and translate scientific terms found in the proceedings.
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Abstract
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Since 1997, we have measured passive solar light reflectance from different features of coral reefs in the Bay Islands of Honduras (western Caribbean Sea) and in Eilat, Israel (northern Red Sea). Our measurements used diver-held, 20 m fiber optic lines tethered to a nearby boat or shore station with an Ocean Optics SD1000 Spectroradiometer and a computer for software control of data collection and storage. Reef substrates exhibit three prominent optical processes, which relate to fundamental biophysics: pigment absorption, pigment fluorescence, and scattering by calcium carbonate mineral. Close range spectroscopy is a promising tool for assessment of coral health, quantitative assessment of
chlorophyll and accessory pigments, and surveys of reef biodiversity. In addition, close-range measurements provide representative, albeit scale-dependent spectra for helping to interpret reef features in airborne or satellite imagery. Systematic collection of this data allows the construction of spectral libraries for modeling and scaling issues; i.e. feature aggregation (mixing), radiative transfer models, and an important data layer for GIS.
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Online Documents
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- Copies of papers downloaded from ReefBase may be used and reproduced for non-commercial purpose only.
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24.
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ICRS9
Calumpong, H.P., A.B. Apao, J.R. Lucanas and J.S. Estacion,
2000
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Community-based giant clam restocking – hopes for biodiversity conservation.
In Moosa, M.K., S. Soemodihardjo, A. Soegiarto, K. Romimohtarto, A. Nontji, Soekarno and Suharsono (ed.). Proceedings of the Ninth International Coral Reef Symposium, Bali. 23-27 Oct. 2000. Vol. 2:783-786
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Author
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Calumpong, H.P., A.B. Apao, J.R. Lucanas and J.S. Estacion
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Year
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2000
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Title
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Community-based giant clam restocking – hopes for biodiversity conservation.
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Source
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In Moosa, M.K., S. Soemodihardjo, A. Soegiarto, K. Romimohtarto, A. Nontji, Soekarno and Suharsono (ed.). Proceedings of the Ninth International Coral Reef Symposium, Bali. 23-27 Oct. 2000. Vol. 2:783-786
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Keywords
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biodiversity, ICRS9
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Caption
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Please note that the document may contain typo errors due to the inability of the OCR (Optical Character Recognition) software to recognize and translate scientific terms found in the proceedings.
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Abstract
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Efforts at restocking coral reefs with giant clam juveniles have been done by the Silliman 'University Marine
Laboratory since 1997 using community-based approach. Only reefs protected by local communities were restocked.
So far, six sites have been restocked with 2056 individuals of five species: Tridacna gigas, T. squamosa, T. derasa, T.
crocea and Hippopus hippopus. Survival and growth in three reefs were monitored during this period. Survival for
T. gigas is 24.24% and H. hippopus is 2.5%. Growth rate for T. gigas is 0.75 + 0.16 cm mo-' and for H. hippopus is
0.21 2 0.07 cm mo-'. Tridacna squamosa, T. derasa and T. crocea did not survive in these sites.
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Online Documents
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- Copies of papers downloaded from ReefBase may be used and reproduced for non-commercial purpose only.
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25.
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ICRS9
Harding, S., C. Lowery and S. Oakley,
2000
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Comparison between complex and simple reef survey techniques using volunteers: is the effort justified?
In Moosa, M.K., S. Soemodihardjo, A. Soegiarto, K. Romimohtarto, A. Nontji, Soekarno and Suharsono (ed.). Proceedings of the Ninth International Coral Reef Symposium, Bali. 23-27 Oct. 2000. Vol. 2:883-890
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Author
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Harding, S., C. Lowery and S. Oakley
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Year
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2000
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Title
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Comparison between complex and simple reef survey techniques using volunteers: is the effort justified?
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Source
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In Moosa, M.K., S. Soemodihardjo, A. Soegiarto, K. Romimohtarto, A. Nontji, Soekarno and Suharsono (ed.). Proceedings of the Ninth International Coral Reef Symposium, Bali. 23-27 Oct. 2000. Vol. 2:883-890
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Keywords
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volunters, validation, coral reef monitoring technique, benthic cover, fish censuses, ICRS9
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Caption
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Please note that the document may contain typo errors due to the inability of the OCR (Optical Character Recognition) software to recognize and translate scientific terms found in the proceedings.
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Abstract
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Reef Check and GCRMN survey techniques were compared between the same volunteer divers on
the same reef after different periods of training. Greenforce volunteers with no prior reef surveying
experience were firstly taught to dive and then trained in reef fauna and flora identification and
surveying techniques. After training, volunteers performed surveys using both Reef Check and the
more detailed GCRMN categories. Three weeks later, the volunteers resurveyed the same transect
lines. In addition, transects were surveyed by the on-site science staff. Most Reef Check
categories were identified and counted correctly at all levels of experience. Useful information
could also be collected by volunteers using the more detailed GCRMN benthic codes and fish
survey techniques. Reef fish were easily identified to family and most target species were
identified correctly. Experienced surveyors (staff) recorded a few additional species, but there was
no significant difference between the numbers of target species seen by the two groups after three
weeks. In a trial comparison of line point and line intercept the two techniques gave similar results
for bottom cover estimates even though Reef Check generally records far fewer sampling points
per transect than the GCRMN technique. For data on benthic cover only, Reef Check techniques
were deemed adequate, while the increased effort required for coral morphology may be justified
for more detailed studies.
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Online Documents
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